影响越冬期意大利蜜蜂健康的病毒种类研究

通过比较分析3 个蜂场共48 群意大利蜜蜂（Apis mellifera ligustica，简称意蜂）越冬前与越冬后的病毒感染情况，及其中1 个蜂场8 群蜜蜂越冬期间病毒感染情况的变化，探究与越冬期蜜蜂健康紧密相关的病毒种类。结果表明，残翅病毒（Deformed wing virus, DWV）、黑蜂王台病毒（Black queen cell virus, BQCV）和以色列蜜蜂麻痹病毒（Israeli acute paralysis virus, IAPV）在越冬意蜂群中感染率很高。与越冬后正常蜂群相比，濒临死亡蜂群的IAPV基因组拷贝数极显著提高，达到了1×109左右；出现蜂群死亡的蜂场在越冬期间，蜂群DWV基因组拷贝数呈下降趋势，IAPV基因组拷贝数呈上升趋势。以上结果表明，IAPV是影响越冬期意蜂健康的最主要病毒。 通讯作者: 郑火青（https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8499-0694） E-mail: hqzheng@zju.edu.cn
Abstract: To identify virus/viruses associated with the health of overwintering honey bee colonies, we investigated the viral infection status of 48 Apis mellifera ligustica colonies in three apiaries before and after overwintering. In one of the apiaries, the viral infection status of eight colonies was constantly monitored during the whole overwintering period. The results revealed that Deformed wing virus (DWV), Black queen cell virus (BQCV) and Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) were highly prevalent in these colonies during overwintering period. Compared with the seemingly healthy colonies, the dying colonies after overwintering harbored a significantly higher load of IAPV, with around 1 × 109 copies of genome. In the apiary in which colony losses happened, the genome copy number of DWV in honey bee colonies decreased, while that of IAPV increased. These results suggest that IAPV is the virus most associated with affecting the health of overwintering Apis mellifera ligustica colonies. Key words: Apis mellifera ligustica overwintering period Deformed wing virus; Black queen cell virus Israeli acute paralysis virus