试论金圣叹的《史记》评点

在《史记》文学经典化的建构过程中,明代是一个重要时期,诸家《史记》评点著作层出,论史、论文、论语言文字等方面皆有涉及。在当时的众多研究者中,金圣叹是继《史记评林》所录评家之后颇具特点的一位,其“才子书”一说,对《史记》文学性的关注,在当时达到了前所未有的高度;金圣叹不仅首次系统评点了《史记》的九十余篇论赞,而且其关于《史记》写作不同于一般史书、也异于小说创作的见解,在当时亦可谓独树一帜。金圣叹不仅加深了同时代学者文人士子们对《史记》文学性的认识,也为之后《史记》文学经典的构建打开了一个新局面。
Abstract：The Ming Dynasty is an important period for the construction of Shiji’s literary classic status that witnessed the emergence of various kinds of commentaries, including the aspects of historical, literary, and linguistic criticism. The author argues that Jin Shengtan was one of the most outstanding critics since his argument of “caizishu” (literati's work) unprecedentedly emphasized the literariness of Shiji. Jin Shengtan carried out the first systematic commentary of the 90 pieces of “lunzan” in Shiji, and had a unique view on the writing style of Shiji that it is different from general historical records and creative literary writing as well. Jin made great contribution to Shiji’s criticism in that he deepened his contemporary understanding of its literariness and opened up a new phase for its classic construction.