丝绸之路经济带核能合作及其全球治理意义——以中哈铀资源合作开发为例

“一带一路”建设面临着如何将中国与沿线国家的利益紧密结合,综合实现市场利益、政策效益、治理成效的结构性挑战。中亚铀资源在世界能源格局中占有举足轻重的地位。文章论述了“丝绸之路经济带”建设中中哈核能合作的广阔前景,指出,中国公司因秉承“共建丝绸之路经济带,打造周边命运共同体”的理念,履行“行义在先”的互利合作准则,加之核能开发前沿技术支撑,而后发先至,率先成功与哈萨克斯坦合作建立了高端铀产品——铀燃料棒合资生产企业,在激烈竞争中胜出,凸显了引领作用。其创新示范意义在于:一是力挺经济全球化,将互利合作融入命运共同体建设是中国在复杂竞争环境中得以胜出的战略依托;二是全球治理理念融合前沿高新技术是推进人类命运共同体建设的重要创新路径。文章还具体提出在中亚应周全近期与长远、核能与可再生能源的兼顾开发、发展核电与农业现代化建设挂钩的开发路径建议。这一案例将为国际经济体系结构性调整和大国经济博弈形势下,推进“一带一路”建设和中国版的全球治理理念的实施提供宝贵经验。
Abstract：The construction of Belt and Road is confronted with the structural challenges of how to close combine the interests of China and that of countries along B&R as well as to achieve market interests, policy benefits and governance effectiveness all together. Uranium reserves in Central Asia play an indispensable role in the world energy structure. This paper discusses the bright future of China-Kazakhstan nuclear energy cooperation in the construction of Silk Road Economic Belt and its significance to global governance. This paper points out that by adhering to the concept of “Jointly build the Silk Road Economic Belt, develop a community of shared future with surrounding countries and areas,” following a “righteousness-prior” cooperative principle of mutual benefits, meanwhile with the support of frontier technology in nuclear energy development, Chinese companies have taken the lead in successfully establishing joint ventures, which produce high-end uranium products — uranium fuel rods, which won out in the fierce competition. Its innovative demonstration significance is as follows: first, to support economic globalization and integrate mutually beneficial cooperation into the community of common destiny is the strategic basis for China to win out in the complex competitive environment; second, the integration of the concept of global governance and cutting-edge high technologies is an important innovative way to promote the building of a community of shared future for mankind. This paper also proposes that in the near and long term, nuclear energy and renewable energy should be developed in an inclusive way, and that the development of nuclear power and agricultural modernization should be linked. This case will provide valuable experience for promoting the construction of Belt and Road and the implementation of China's version of the concept of global governance in the context of structural adjustment of the international economic system and great power economic game.