Web 2.0时代的公共治理“四维一体”路径选择

在Web 2.0时代,公共治理面临着网络新发展带来的机遇和挑战,对此背景下公共治理的特征和路径进行深度探索,具有十分重要的理论价值。Web 2.0时代的公共治理具有即时性的治理时域、可扩展性的治理空域、多元化的治理主体、互动性的治理方式、共享性的治理功能、泛在化的治理环境等主要特征,需在此基础上进行新的路径选择。加强公共治理社会动员、强化公共治理威信服人、严格公共治理准则约束、优化公共治理报偿激励,可以形成由“社会动员、威信服人、准则约束、报偿激励”组成的四维一体的公共治理路径。“社会动员”是通过社交媒体等多种沟通方式影响和改变社会组织和社会成员的认识和态度,引导和号召社会成员积极参与公共治理。“威信服人”是运用公信力来确立权威,顺应多元化的趋势,平衡各个治理主体的权力关系。“准则约束”是运用法律法规、规章制度、行为准则、技术标准等众多具体形式,通过各种治理准则来引导和形成治理秩序。“报偿激励”是指采用报偿手段激发社会组织和民众为实现公共治理最优化的目标而采取积极自觉的行动,是实现社会公共治理目标和任务的重要手段。
Abstract：Based on the study of the main content and characteristics of the Web 2.0 Era, the paper discusses the main features of Public Governance: domain of real-time governance, extensible governance space, diversified governance body, interactive governance mode, shared governance function, wide governance environment, etc. There must be a new path option: to strengthen social mobilization, to improve trust authority, to strict the rule of public constraints, to optimize incentive compensation, so as to form a four-dimensional model of public governance path, consisting of “social mobilization, authority in harmony, rules and disciplines, and incentive reward.” Social mobilization is that the government influences and changes the understanding and attitude of social organization and social members, calling for social members' active participation in public governance through social media and other communication. Authority in harmony is used to establish authority, following the trend of diversification in balance of all the governance body of power relations. Rules and disciplines restrict and guide the management order through a variety of management principles in use of rules and regulations, codes of conduct, technical standards, and many other specific forms. Incentive reward refers to the means of stimulating social organizations and citizens to realize the goal of optimizing public governance.