流动人口心理健康及影响因素流动人口心理健康及影响因素——基于社区融合视角

解决以农民工为主体的流动人口的心理健康问题是中国“人的城市化”和“新型城镇化”建设的重要内容之一。为此,本文基于国家卫计委2014年全国流动人口卫生计生动态监测调查的“社会融合与心理健康”样本,首先用赋值方法度量了社会融合的三个不同维度以及流动人口的心理健康水平,然后用多元回归方法研究了流动人口心理健康的影响因素。结果发现:第一,月工资水平的提高有助于提升流动人口的心理健康程度;第二,近一年来有病需要住院治疗却没能及时入院治疗,会显著降低流动人口的心理健康水平;第三,担心老家的老人赡养和子女照顾问题也会显著降低流动人口的心理健康水平;第四,给予流动人口进行健康培训有助于提升他们的心理健康程度;第五,社会融合环境的落差会显著影响流动人口的心理健康水平,融合意愿、融合结果以及与当地城镇居民为邻居,都有助于提高其心理健康水平。最后,基于研究结果提出了增强社会融合以提高流动人口心理健康水平的若干对策建议。
Abstract：Solving the psychological health problem of migrant workers is one of the important contents of China's “urbanization” and “new-type urbanization.” Employing the 2014 “Social integration and psychological health” survey data collected by National Family Planning Commission, this paper first measures three different latitudes of community integration and the psychological health of floating population. Furthermore, it investigates the determinants of psychological health of floating population. Several important conclusions arrive. First, the increasing of wage can improve psychological health of floating population. Second, for the patients in need of hospitalization, absence of hospitalization within last year significantly decreases their psychological health. Third, the worry about the problems of caring the elderly and children in hometown is negatively related to their psychological health. Fourth, health training has positive impact on psychological health. Fifth, the gap of social integration environment has negative impact on psychological health. More importantly, integration wish, integration result, and native neighbors all can help improve their psychological health. According to these results, we propose the following policy suggestions.