机构的宣言:重读傅斯年的《历史语言研究所工作之旨趣》

1928年,傅斯年刊行《历史语言研究所工作之旨趣》,作为该所的开山之作。有学者谓,光凭这篇名文,以及他所推行的研究事业,就足令傅氏“名垂史林”了。作为“史语所”的创办人,傅斯年毫无疑问即得侧身中国近代史学的行列。《旨趣》一文,乃是该所成立的宣言,影响既深且远,甚值探究。本文则拟借着析论该文,厘清傅氏和兰克史学,以及传统学问(尤其考据学)之间的纠葛,并梳理出他执著“史学便是史料学”的深层理据。
Abstract：Fu Ssu-nien in 1928 wrote The Aims of Founding the Institute of History and Philology as the very first academic text institute to ever publish. As one scholar put it, this singular text and the research establishment Fu promoted were in themselves sufficient to win Fu “everlasting fame among the rank of great scholars.” Certainly, as the founder of the institute, Fu had more than earned his place in modern Chinese historiography. The Aims was the institute’s declaration of intent, and a deeply influential text. My study is an attempt to untangle Fu’s relationship with Rankean historiography and traditional Chinese approaches to history, including kaoju xue (evidential research), and to explore the theoretical underpinning of his statement, “historiography is merely the science of historical sources.”