中日“文艺”术语的近代对接及其学科影响

“文艺”一词包括“文学”“艺术”“文学艺术”“艺术的文学”等多种含义。作为学科术语,它是清末民初中西日文化互动尤其是日本以古汉语字形对译西方概念的结晶。因传统“杂文学”、西学“纯文学”、日本“美术”“艺术”等观念因素的复合作用,中国文艺学、艺术学等学科一直饱受“文艺”语义含混、指向不明的积极与消极影响。针对这一“焦点术语”和“问题概念”,本文力图揭橥其自西徂东过程中接受日本影响的历史路径和对接机制,以期更深入地把握术语“活态生成”和中国相关学科建立与发展的历史复杂性。
Abstract：The term of “wenyi” has multiple meanings such as “literature,” “art,” “literature and art,” and “artistic literature.” As a terminology, it was the fruit of the cultural exchanges between China, Japan and the West by the end of the Qing Dynasty.As a complex product of various conceptions like “mixed literature,” “pure literature,” and Japanese “fine arts,” the disciplines of arts and literature-art in China have long been passively regarded as disciplines of ambiguous definition. This article tries to make a research into the acceptance of culture in the Westernization process, and in the light of “live generation,” reveal the historical complexity in the establishment and evolvement of the related disciplines in China.