从“银为上币”到“银钱两权”——晚明白银流通思想的形成与演变

晚明白银流通思想是中国古代货币思想的重要组成部分。外银内流后,传统货币思想陷入国家丧失货币发行主导权的理论困境,子母相权理论则失去调控白银流通量的有效性,推动了白银流通思想的形成。本文基于货币国家化理论和竞争性货币理论,将货币思想演变和货币制度变迁置于流通性和稳定性的交换媒介二维属性框架内,探讨晚明白银流通思想的理论内涵和演变过程。文章梳理了晚明社会讨论白银流通的不同观点,为现代货币理论研究提供历史的案例,也为加强管理主权货币通货膨胀、提升货币政策执行效果提供有益的现实启示和建议。
Abstract：The silver circulation thought in the late Ming Dynasty is an important part of ancient Chinese monetary thought. After the inflow of foreign silver, the traditional monetary thought fell into the theoretical dilemma that the state lost the dominant right of currency issuance, and the theory of “child and mother” lost the effectiveness of regulating the circulation of silver, which promoted the formation of the silver circulation thought. Based on the theory of national currency theory and competitive currency theory, this paper puts the evolution of monetary thought and the changes of monetary system in the two-dimensional framework of circulation and stability, and then discusses the theoretical connotation and evolution process of silver circulation thought in the late Ming dynasty. It studies the different views of silver circulation in late Ming Dynasty, providing a historical case for theoretical research of modern currency, and it also provides useful practical inspiration and suggestion to strengthen the management of inflation and to enhance the effectiveness of monetary policy.