中国科技型小微企业发展模式与创新政策研究——基于跨区域的比较分析

在中国新型市场经济的建立过程中,小型及微型企业对整体经济的发展起着越来越重要的作用。科技型小微企业的活动为经济发展与产业创新带来了新的活力,但我国小微企业的发展仍然面临诸多困难。微型企业的概念首次正式出现于2011年《中小企业划分标准》中,大部分统计年鉴中仍缺少微型企业的独立统计数据。因此,本文首先回顾并梳理了现有文献资料中的小微企业发展模式、发展环境与政策的影响,继而运用全国有关高新产业园区的数据分析当前科技型企业的盈利模式,并对2013—2014年国家级相关政策进行关键词的关联分析以确定政府的政策导向。在此基础上,本文收集了2011—2012年北京、上海、江苏、浙江、四川、陕西这六个省(市)的小型微型企业统计数据,依此建立区域科技政策环境指数,在宏观上比较主要经济区域的科技型小微企业生存环境。通过对区域高新技术区相关情况及公共政策的比较,对科技型小微企业的发展加以分析,进而提出了地区性的发展目标及建议。
Abstract：In the process of China building towards a new market structure, the role of small and micro scale firms (SME) is becoming more and more imminent for the vitality of the overall economy. Especially those technological based SMEs that could drive economic development and industrial innovation. However, SMEs in China are still facing many challenges. The concept of SME first appeared in the “Division criterion of small and medium scale enterprises” published on 2011. Upon today, most of the statistical yearbooks are still lack of the data for SMEs and cast great difficulty to acquire related data. This paper started with the literature review on SMEs’ development pattern, environment and policy background. Then confirmed the profit type of SMEs through the analysis of data form of the national high-technological parks. Followed by a section on mainstream policy attitude yield from a keyword connection analysis conducted on the national level policy documents from 2013 to 2014. This paper also collected data from six major provinces’ SMEs in order to build an indicative index of technological policy environment, enabling a comparison among the six economic areas. In the end, together with the background and installed policy at high technological parks, the paper was able to provide region specific SME development goals and policy recommendation.