微波诱变选育高效溶磷木霉菌株的研究
Screening of Trichoderma sp. strain for high phosphorus solubilization using microwave mutagenesis

为了获得高效溶磷菌株，对木霉菌T6菌株进行微波诱变处理，测定并分析了微波输出功率和辐照时间等参数对诱变效果的影响。结果表明：最佳诱变条件是微波输出功率900 W，辐照时间70 s，且在此条件下得到8株具有较高溶磷能力的突变菌株T6-9、T6-33、T6-93、T6-126、T6-157、T6-188、T6-196和T6-203。经过多代转接培养最后得到一株遗传稳定的溶磷木霉菌株T6-157，该菌株在液体培养条件下溶磷量为204.46 mg·L-1，与出发菌株相比，溶磷量提高了107.97%，植酸酶活性提高了57.35%，且突变菌株对土传植物病原菌的拮抗能力也有所提高。
In order to obtain Trichoderma sp. strain with high phosphorus dissolving efficiency, the original strain, Trichoderma T6 with low ability in dissolving phosphorus, was mutated by microwave. The microwave mutagenesis parameters were optimized, and the genetic stability, phosphate solubilizing power and antibiotic ability of the mutant were investigated. The results showed that the optimum mutagenic method was with an irradiation power at 900 W and a mutation time of 70 s. 8 stains with high phosphorus solubilizing capability named T6-9, T6-33, T6-93, T6-126, T6-157, T6-188, T6-196 and T6-203 were obtained using the optimized mutagenic method. After several generations, a strain named T6-157 with relatively stable hereditary was eventually obtained, exhibiting high phosphorus solubilizing capability. The highest phosphate solubilizing power of mutant strain T6-157 was 204.46 mg·L-1, and the phosphate solubilizing power and phytase activity were increased by 107.97% and 57.35%, respectively, compared with the original strain. The antagonistic ability against the main soil-borne pathogens was higher than that of the initial strain T6.