沟垄集雨种植补灌对冬小麦旗叶叶绿素荧光参数的影响
Effects of ridge and furrow rain harvesting with supplemental irrigation on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in winter wheat flag leaf

为探明沟垄集雨种植技术在灌区对作物光合作用和产量的调控及节水效果，通过大田试验，研究了两种宽度的沟垄集雨种植结合不同补灌量处理对冬小麦光合速率、叶绿素荧光参数和产量的影响。结果表明：沟垄集雨处理下Pn较平作不灌水处理(CK)提高57.1%～84.4%，较平作灌水处理提高25.3%～50.3%；Fm、Fv、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、qP和籽粒产量也均高于平作处理，qN低于平作处理；两种宽度沟垄集雨种植较CK增产74.6%～124.9%，沟垄集雨补灌处理较平作灌水处理增产0.3%～18.9%，随灌水量增加产量增加，宽垄沟优于窄垄沟；在降雨较少的年份，60 cm沟垄集雨种植在灌溉量减少50%的条件下，光能转化效率比平作灌水处理提高44.1%，说明沟垄集雨种植可显著提高光能的转化效率及其量子产额，提高光合效率，维持较高的籽粒产量。
A field experiment was conducted to determine the regulation of crop photosynthesis and output and water saving effect under ridge and furrow rain harvesting with supplemental irrigation in Guanzhong irrigation district. We studied the effects of photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield of winter wheat. The results showed that Pn of ridge and furrow rain harvesting which were 57.1%～84.4% and 25.3%～50.3% higher than that of CK and border irrigation, Fm、Fv、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、qP and yield of each ridge and furrow rain harvesting treatments were also higher than that of flat planting, but qN was opposite. Both two width of ridge and furrow rain harvesting treatments boosted grain yield by 74.6%～124.9% compared with CK, ridge and furrow rain harvesting with supplemental irrigation treatments enhanced grain yield compared with border irrigation by 0.3%～18.9%, the higher irrigation amount the higher yield, and the wide furrow was better than the narrow one. Therefore, in the year of less rainfall, efficiency of light energy conversion increased by 44.1% under 60 cm rain harvesting cultivation. It is concluded that ridge and furrow rainfall harvesting could improve the efficiency of light energy conversion and the quantum yield, improve the efficiency of photosynthesis and maintain higher grain yield under the conditions of half supplemental irrigation amount of border irrigation.