基于Mathematica的宝塔菜收获机二阶平面铲倾角的优化设计
Optimization of the angle of artichoke harvester's second-order flat shovel based on mathematica

为了进一步提高宝塔菜收获机二阶平面铲的碎土能力，基于Mathematica对宝塔菜收获机二阶平面铲倾角进行了优化设计。设计中建立了二阶平面铲多目标优化模型，在该模型中，引入了土壤破碎模型及挖掘铲阻力模型，借助虚拟倾角的概念，运用Mathematica软件对其进行求解，得到了一个一阶铲面倾角为20.44°，二阶铲面倾角为43.64°，一阶铲面高度为0.12 m，虚拟铲面倾角为30.53°的理论上铲面受力最小、土壤有效剪切力最大的挖掘铲模型，并从理论角度和软件仿真角度对优化前后二阶铲进行分析对比，发现优化后的挖掘铲较现有二阶铲的铲面长度、受到的挖掘阻力、最大变形量、所受最大应力及应变均减小，达到了优化效果。该模型为高碎土能力挖掘铲的设计提供了理论支持和改进方向。
In order to further improve Chinese artichoke harvester’s second-order flat shovel, a multi-objective optimization model of second-order flat shovel was established. A soil breaking model and a resistance model of digging shovel were introduced in this model. With the help of the concept of virtual angle and Mathematica, the model was established with the first-order plane angle being 20.44°, the second-order plane angle being 43.64°, the first-order plane height being 0.12 m, and the virtual plane angle being 30.53°. This theoretically digging shovel model had the minimum force and the maximal effective soil shear. Comparison and analysis of the two second-order shovel from the perspective of theory and software simulation were made. The results showed that the shovel length, digging resistance, the maximum deformation, and stain of optimized digging shovel were decreasing, which indicated this optimal design was satisfactory. This optimal model provided a theoretical support and enlightenment for the design of digging shovel with high soil-breaking ability.