四个南疆杏树品种的光合生理特性
Photosynthetic characteristics of apricot cultivars (Prunus armeniaca) in southern Xinjiang regions

以南疆地区4个杏品种‘阿克乔儿胖’、‘克孜郎’、‘胡安娜’和‘大佳娜丽’为材料研究它们在当地生态环境下的光响应曲线、净光合速率（Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和水分利用效率(WUE)。采用LI-6400XT对杏树光合作用相关指标进行测定。结果表明，随着光强增加，各品种的净光合速率均相应升高，在相同的光照强度下，‘克孜郎’的净光合速率最高。各品种光补偿点的顺序由低到高为：‘大佳娜丽’＜‘克孜郎’＜‘阿克乔儿胖’＜‘胡安娜’。‘阿克乔儿胖’的光饱和点为935 μmol·m-2·s-1，明显低于其它品种。4个杏品种净光合日变化均呈双峰曲线变化，但‘胡安娜’光合午休现象不明显。不同品种的蒸腾日变化基本呈单峰变化规律，‘大佳娜丽’、‘克孜郎’、‘阿克乔儿胖’和‘胡安娜’的日均蒸腾速率分别为4.2、 3.9、 3.4、 2.7 μmol·m-2·s-1。‘胡安娜’的蒸腾速率较低，但水分利用效率较高，且全天变化比较平稳。以上各品种的光合生理数据将为指导南疆地区杏树栽培管理、良种选择和果粮间作提供理论基础。
To investigate the photosynthetic characteristics including light response curve, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr) and water use efficiency (WUE) of four apricot cultivars, Akeqiaoerpan, Kezilang, Huanna and Dajianali in their local ecological environment, an Li-6400XT was used to measure the related physiological indexes. The results indicated that Pn values of different varieties all became increased correspondingly with the increase of light intensity. The Pn of Kezilang was the highest among all cultivars. The lev els of light compensation point was in order of Dajianani < Kezilang < Akeqiaoerpang < Huanna. Light saturation point of Akeqiaoerpan was 935 μmol·m-2·s-1, significantly lower than that of others. Diurnal variations of Pn of the cultivars were in a bimodal curve, but midday depression phenomenon of ‘Huanna’ was not obvious. The diurnal variations of transpiration of different species showed a unimodal curve mode. The average daily transpiration rates of Dajianani, Kezilang, Akeqiaoerpang and Huannawere 4.2, 3.9, 3.4, 2.7 μmol·m-2·s-1, respectively. It was found that Huana had low transpiration rate, high water use efficiency and relatively stable changes during a day. All the above photosynthetic physiological data for the cultivars would provide a theoretical basis for apricot cultivation and management, seed selection and fruit crop intercropping in southern Xinjiang regions.