生物炭对土壤酶活性和糜子产量的影响
Effects of biochar on soil enzyme activities and millet yield

为探讨生物炭对土壤主要酶活性和糜子产量的影响，采用糜子盆栽种植方式，分别在砂土、壤土和盐土三种土壤上设置了生物炭施用量为B0（0 t·hm-2）、B15（15 t·hm-2）、B30（30 t·hm-2）、B45（45 t·hm-2）和B60（60 t·hm-2）五个水平。结果表明：砂土、壤土和盐土这三种土壤分别对应生物炭用量为45 t·hm-2、45 t·hm-2和30 t·hm-2时土壤总体酶活性（Et）达到最高，并且盐土、砂土和壤土的总体酶活性指标最大值分别比相应对照B0增加16.59%、7.29%、4.07%，说明生物炭对盐土酶活性的影响显著高于砂土，砂土高于壤土；在砂土中施用生物炭后，对糜子有明显的增产效果，而壤土和盐土上增产效果不显著；生物炭的施用还促进了砂土中糜子生物量的积累，并且在壤土上糜子的生物量的积累高于盐土和砂土。总之，在土壤中施用生物炭，不仅可以促进糜子增产，增加土壤总体酶活性，还可以改良土壤生物学特性。
In order to study the effects of biochar on soil enzyme activities and millet yield, setting five treatments antaining different amounts of biochar, they were B0(0 t·hm-2), B15(15 t·hm-2), B30(30 t·hm-2), B45(45 t·hm-2) and B60(60 t·hm-2), and a pot cultivation experiment was set up in sandy soil, loam soil and saline soil, respectively. The results showed that soil enzyme activities reached the highest when the amounts of biochar were 45 t·hm-2, 45 t·hm-2 and 30 t·hm-2 in sand, loam and saline soil respectively. The maximal values of total enzyme activity index in saline, sand and loam soil increased 16.59%, 7.29%, and 4.07% more respectively than the control B0. This implied the effect of biochar on enzyme activity in saline soil was higher than that in sand, followed by that in loam soil. Obvious effects in increasing millet yield could be achieved by application of biochar in the sand, whereas no significant effects could be observed in loam and saline soil. The use of biochar promoted the accumulation of millet biomass in sand soil, and accumulation of millet biomass in the loam soil was higher than that of saline and sand soil. In conclusion, the application of biochar in the soil could not only promote millet yield and increase soil enzyme activities, but also improve biological properties of soil.