烧成助剂的添加对电瓷机械性能的影响

烧成助剂的添加，直接影响了电瓷的晶相、玻璃相、气孔等物相构成，进而影响了其机械性能.本文在电瓷坯料中，分别外加质量分数2%的ZnO，TiO2，ZrSiO4粉末，然后分别球磨、脱水、真空练泥、挤制试条、与产品同时在工业窑炉中烧成.测得试条的抗弯强度，利用扫描电子显微镜观测其显微形貌，X射线衍射仪测定其物相.结果表明：烧成助剂的添加可使试条的抗折强度显著提高；样品的孔隙率减少，致密度有所提高，一次莫来石量明显减少，而二次莫来石较发育且多呈相互交织状，可见少量的石英和方石英相.
The sintering additives have directly influenced on the phase composition such as crystal phase, glass phase and pore, and then affected the mechanical properties of porcelain material. The additives (ZnO, TiO2, and ZrSiO4) with 2% were added respectively into the billets of porcelain, followed by manufacturing the mud, dehydration, vacuum pressing, extruded reagent strips and sintering simultaneously in industrial kiln with the products. The reagent strips were tested for their bending strengths. Meanwhile, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was adopted to observe the microstructure, and X ray diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the phase. The results show that sintering additives can significantly improve the bending strength of the reagent strips, reduce the porosity of the samples, improve the density and reduce the amount of primary mullite dramatically, while secondary mullite developed and intertwined with small amounts of quartz and cristobalite phase.