汽车椅面倾角对驾驶员乘坐舒适性的影响分析

考虑到车用座椅椅面倾角变化对驾驶员乘坐舒适性的影响，开展了不同身材驾驶员在不同椅面倾角下的人体骨肌力学特性的仿真分析与实验测试.首先基于人体骨肌力学软件分别建立了第5，50，95百分位中国男性驾驶员在驾驶姿态下的骨肌力学模型；然后通过椅面倾角参数动态调整并结合相关性分析方法，描述了驾驶员下肢腿部不同肌肉的受力情况和激活程度；最后开展了真实驾驶员下肢肌肉肌电测试.结果表明，当座椅椅面倾角增大时，驾驶员的臀大肌、髂腰肌、半腱肌、股直肌、缝匠肌、腓肠肌、胫骨前肌肌肉激活程度较大，10°～16°为椅面倾角的理想变化区间.
As the different automotive seat-pan angle affects driver sitting comfort，musculoskeletal biomechanical characters of different figure drivers were analyzed by simulation and experimental tests.Firstly，based on human musculoskeletal biomechanical computational software，the musculoskeletal models of the 5th，50th and 95th percentile Chinese male drivers were built.Secondly，using the dynamic adjustment of seat-pan angle and the method of correlation analysis，the force and muscle activation of driver lower limb different muscles were described.Finally，a set of EMG tests on real driver leg muscles were carried out in a real vehicle.The result shows that when the automotive seat-pan angle increases，muscles activation of driver gluteus maximus，iliopsoas，semitendinosus，rectus femoris muscle，sartorius，gastrocnemius muscle and tibialis anterior are larger.The ideal variation of seat-pan angle is between 10°and 16°.