一种新型多孔麻纤维重金属吸附剂制备与应用

采用氯仿-正丁醇索氏提取法处理黄麻叶一步制备新型多孔麻纤维重金属吸附剂(JLF).该吸附剂对Cd(II)的吸附容量高达198.79 mg/g.吸附剂适应pH范围宽达5至8.在Ca(II)或Mg(II)浓度为Cd(II)浓度60倍的情况下,Cd(II)的去除率仍高达86%.重要的是,JLF吸附剂经过5个使用循环后仍保持高的结构稳定性和高达97%的Cd(II)去除效率.在低吸附剂量(2 g/L)下,JLF对实际冶炼废水中重金属也可高效去除,尤其Pb(II)、Cd(II)和Cr(VI)浓度可降至0.001 mg/L以下.傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)和X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析表明,金属离子的吸附位点主要为羧基.
A new porous jute leaf fibres (JLF) sorbent was prepared by soxhlet extraction using chloroform/n-butyl alcohol (1∶1). The JLF sorbent showed a high Cd(II) sorption capacity (198.79 mg/g), due to its porous structure with maximal exposure of functional groups. The sorbent could be well conducted in a wide pH range of 5~8. The removal efficiencies of Cd(II) kept over 86% in the presence of Ca(II) or Mg(II) with concentrations of 60 times higher than Cd(II). Significantly, JLF kept a high sorption efficiency of 97% and structural stability after five cycles. The heavy metals in actual industrial effluent could be efficiently removed, especially, the concentrations of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cr(VI) decreased below 0.001 mg/L with a low sorbent dosage of 2 g/L. The sorption mainly occurred between metal ions and carboxyl groups, determined by FTIR and XPS methods.