数控落地铣镗床滑枕变形有限元分析及补偿

TK6920B型大型数控落地镗铣床由于滑枕自质量和主轴箱的重心偏移而导致滑枕变形，从而影响机床的加工精度.针对这一问题，提出使用挠曲线预应力加工法和液压拉杆法对滑枕变形进行补偿，为了减少实验次数和降低成本，本文使用Ansys WB有限元软件对滑枕变形分析和变形补偿效果进行预测.对滑枕变形量的仿真分析结果和实验测量结果进行了对比分析，结果表明，滑枕变形量的误差在5 μm以下，有限元分析结果是可靠的；补偿后的滑枕最大变形量为20 μm左右，说明了补偿方法的补偿效果可以满足实际生产中加工精度的要求.
TK6920B CNC floor type boring and milling machine is a type of heavy duty machine tool, and it is easy to generate flexural deformation during the extension of its ram due to its weight and the gravitational off-center of the ram and the headstock, which affects the machining accuracy during processing. In order to solve this problem, the prestress flexural deflection machining method and hydraulic rod compensation method were proposed. Ansys WB software was applied to analyze and predict the ram flexural deformation and compensation effect so that it can cut down experiment cost. By comparing the measured flexural deformation of the ram with the finite element method (FEM) simulation results, it shows that deformation error is controlled within 5 μm, the FEM simulation results are reliable and the total ram deformation is about 20 μm. It is proved that proposed compensation methods are also effective and can meet the requirements of machining.