新型稠油水环发生器维稳特性与结构优化研究

为了改善水环在输送稠油过程中易失稳的问题，提出了一种新型水环输送发生器，开展了水环维稳特性及优化研究.采用VOF模型进行模拟，根据水环成型原理建立了层流水环流动数值模型，并通过对比实验结果验证了该数值模型的正确性，据此研究了新型水环发生器不同间隙厚度的水环维稳特性和螺旋叶片对水环维稳特性的强化效果.结果表明：间隙厚度过大过小都不利于水环的形成和稳定，当流速为1 m/s时，在直径为19 mm管道中，发生器间隙为1.4 mm所产生的水环较稳定，即间隙厚度与主管段直径比为3∶20时效果最好；采用螺旋叶片结构可以将水环稳定长度由150 mm提高到500 mm,增幅达2.3倍.
In order to solve the unstability of the core-annular flow in the transport of high viscous oil, this paper proposed a new core-annular flow generator, and explored the stability characteristics and optimization research of generator transmission characteristics. To simulate the core-annular flow under the condition of different thickness and to improve the stability characteristics by using spiral blade, the VOF model was used to simulate the flow. A numerical model of core-annular flow according to the principle of core-annular flow forming was established, and the correctness of the numerical model was verified by comparing the experimental results. The results show that the formation and stability of core-annular flow is not conductive when the thickness of the gap is too large or too small, and when the flow rate is 1 m/s, the core-annular flow generated by the generator gap of 1.4 mm in the pipe with the diameter of 19 mm is more stable, which means that when the ratio of the gap thickness to the diameter of the main pipe is 3∶20, the most effective result is observed. The use of helical blades can increase the stable length of the core-annular flow from 150 mm to 500 mm with an increase of 2.3 times.