发行时间货币对构筑长期照护体系的作用机理

摘要 随着我国人口老龄化程度的加深，从顶层设计方面研究构筑长期照护体系尤为关键。从构筑长期照护体系主要障碍入手，借鉴国际经验，探索性提出发行时间货币作为互助养老代际交换的媒介，有助于化解钱从何来、谁来服务的问题，有助于尽快建立覆盖全民的长期照护体系。在此基础上，从交易媒介、价值尺度、支付手段、贮藏手段等方面论证时间货币具有货币的所有职能，有望成为人们信任的除了金钱货币之外的另类货币。进而创新性提出发行有国家信用担保的时间货币，以时间货币为媒介构建非正式照护支持系统，激励人们自发照顾身边老人，以化解高龄老人无人照料的社会风险。研究表明，以时间货币为媒介构筑长期照护体系将为创建一个健康的老龄化社会探索一条崭新的道路。
Abstract：With the deepening of population aging in China， it is particularly important to build a long-term care system from the top level design. The main obstacle to building a long-term care system to cover the population as a whole is where the money comes from and who will deliver services. Learning from the international experience， the issuance of time currency as a medium of mutual endowment intergenerational exchange is tentatively put forward， which can effectively solve such problems as financial sources and services delivered， and help to build a universal long-term care system as soon as possible. Based on the media， value scale， means of payment， means of storage， the functions of time currency as a type of currency are explored. Besides money currency， time currency promises to become an alternative currency people trust. Consequently， the issuance of time currency of national credit guarantee is put forward， i.e.， time currency serves as the medium to build an informal care support system， encourage people to take care of the elderly spontaneously， and lessen the social risks of the elderly unattended. The research shows that building a long-term care system with time currency as the medium will open up a new way for the establishment of a healthy aging society.