大学生多样性经历与批判性思维倾向的关系研究

摘要 依据西安市八校调研及1060份有效样本数据，探索并验证了中国高等教育情境下大学生多样性经历及批判性思维倾向的构成，检验了多样性经历对批判性思维倾向发展的影响关系。分析可见:学术多样性经历、社交多样性经历均对批判性思维倾向发展产生显著正向影响，两者在对认知成熟度、认知推理、求知欲发展上的影响程度不同;性别、学科类型、学业水平等因素影响批判性思维倾向发展;与普通在校生相比，入选拔尖计划的学生在批判性思维倾向及各维度上均表现出显著差异。
Abstract：Based on the survey of eight colleges in Xi'an City as well as the valid data collected from 1060 samples， the composition of college students' diversity experiences and critical thinking disposition was explored and verified in the context of Chinese higher education. Then， the relationship between diversity experiences and critical thinking disposition was examined. As shown by the results， both academic diversity experiences and social diversity experiences have significant positive effects on the development of critical thinking disposition， and meanwhile they have different impacts on cognitive maturity， cognitive inference and thirst for knowledge. What is more， such factors as gender， subject type and academic performance may affect the development of critical thinking disposition. Compared with the general students， those who participate in top-notch projects show significant differences in the critical thinking disposition and every dimension as well.