多因素对露天矿最终境界设计的影响

摘要 以技术经济参数及矿体赋存条件为依据，基于锥体排除法生成利润值最大的无约束境界;根据地表构筑物在矿区的地理位置，建立境界优化范围约束线，在约束范围内优化最终境界并计算境界外矿石采用地下开采的利润值;建立矿山开采生态成本计算模型，分别计算两种优化方案的生态成本.研究结果表明:当只考虑经济因素时，如果地表构筑物的移动成本低于0.99亿元(净现值)，矿山适合采用无约束境界开采;当综合考虑生态成本时，应该选择在受约束境界内开采.
Abstract：Based on the ecological-economic parameters and occurrence of orebody， the cone exclusive method was used to design the profit-maximum pit without constraint. According to the location of surface structures at the ore district， constraint lines were built to restrain optimization region， and the profit was obtained from ores outside constraint lines by underground mining. An ecological costs model of mine was built to calculate the ecological cost of two optimization schemes. The results showed that under only considering economic condition， it’s suitable for a unrestrained pit to mine if the moving cost of surface structures is less than 0.99×108￥(NPV). The restrained pit is the best choice while ecological costs are considered.