基于可拓分析的轨道车辆齿轮箱可靠性评估

摘要 采用可拓分析方法研究轨道车辆齿轮箱在线路运行时的可靠性评估问题.基于可拓理论的蕴含及可扩分析方法对齿轮箱可靠性物元进行分析，设定其可靠性评估的上位目标和下位目标;建立基于齿轮箱结构部件运行状态的比例故障率模型，应用粒子群优化算法对故障率模型进行参数的极大似然估计;以参数估计结果为基础，构建各部件的可靠性物元，进而实现对齿轮箱可靠性的整体评估.分析实例表明，在齿轮箱的当前运行状态下，大齿轮轴承Ⅰ和小齿轮的可靠性相对较低，是行车中应重点监测的部件.
Abstract：The extension method was adopted to analyze the reliability assessment problems of railway vehicle gearbox during its line operation. The matter-element model of gearbox reliability was studied based on the contained analysis and scalability analysis method of the extenics theory， and the lower/upper reliability targets of the gearbox reliability assessment were set. The proportional hazards models(PHMs) were established based on the component’s operating state， and the particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm was used to obtain the parameters of PHMs by means of maximum likelihood estimation. On the basis of parameters evaluation results， the matter-element models of components were established. At last， the reliability of the railway vehicle gearbox was evaluated. The result shows that under current operating state of gearbox， the reliability of the large gear bearingⅠand pinion are relatively lower， which are the main monitoring components in the railway vehicle line operation.