后桥主减速器壳体轴承座的裂解加工数值分析

摘要 利用ABAQUS 模拟后桥主减速器壳体轴承座的启裂并进行数值分析.壳体轴承座材料选用基体组织中珠光体体积分数50%的QT450，通过J积分确定了启裂点位置，计算出裂解载荷;分析了启裂时裂尖区域的塑性变形及其对轴承孔失圆量的影响，并进行了实验研究.结果表明，壳体轴承座的启裂点位于靠近裂尖中部位置;塑性区域位于裂尖根部呈蝶形分布，造成的轴承孔失圆度较小;裂解加工质量合格，说明轴承座适合使用裂解技术.研究结果为改进壳体轴承座的生产工艺流程奠定了坚实的理论基础，为壳体轴承座裂解材料的选择、裂解设备的设计、工艺过程的制定提供了参考.
Abstract：The initial fracture splitting process of rear axles’ main reducer shell bearing seats was simulated by ABAQUS and a numerical analysis was carried out. The material of the shell bearing seats is QT450 with 50% pearlite in the matrix structure. The position of the starting cracking point was determined by J integral， and the splitting force was then calculated. The plastic deformation of the crack tip region when cracking and its effect on the loss of circle were analyzed， and an experimental study was conducted. The results show that the starting cracking point of the bearing is located near the middle of the crack tip. The plastic area located at the root of the crack tip is of butterfly-shaped distribution， resulting in the small loss of circle of bearing holes. The processing quality of fracture splitting is qualified， which is suitable for the application of fracture splitting technology.The research result lays a solid theoretical foundation for improving the production process of shell bearing seats， and provides a reference for the selection of splitting materials of shell bearing seats， the design of splitting equipment and the formulation of processing procedures.