玉米芯基活性炭吸附去除水中重金属的实验及机理研究

摘要 运用农作物废弃物玉米芯为原料，通过马弗炉在不同工艺条件下碳化制备玉米芯基活性炭，考察了其对锌、锰和铅三种重金属的吸附性能，并利用傅里叶红外光谱、扫描电镜(SEM及EDS)等手段研究了其吸附重金属锌的机理，并对吸附后的吸附剂进行解吸实验.实验结果表明，合适工艺下生产的玉米芯基活性炭对水中锌离子有极高的吸附率，吸附动力学行为符合准二级动力学方程;对玉米芯基活性炭的解吸，酸解吸法比电场干预解吸法能取得更好的效果.初步判断玉米芯基活性炭可用于吸附重金属，是一种低成本吸附剂.
Abstract：The corncob-based activated carbon was prepared by the carbonization with muffle furnace under different process conditions， and the corncob of wasted crops was used as raw material. The adsorption performance for heavy metals， such as Zn， Mn and Pb， were investigated， and the adsorption mechanism of the corn cob-based activated carbon for heavy metal zinc was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM and EDS). Then the desorption experiment was carried out on the adsorbent after adsorption. The results showed that the corncob-based activated carbon prepared by appropriate technology has a very high adsorption rate for zinc ions in water， the adsorption kinetic behavior accords with the quasi-second order kinetics equation. For the desorption of corncob-based activated carbon， the effect of acid desorption is better than electric field intervention desorption. The preliminary conclusion is that the corncob-based activated carbon can be used for absorbing heavy metals and is a kind of low-cost adsorbent.