一株嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌的鉴定及浸矿性能

摘要 从西藏甲玛某多金属矿的酸性矿坑水中分离获得一株浸矿细菌(命名为XZ).该菌为革兰氏阴性菌，短杆状，菌体长约1～1.5μm，直径约0.5μm，两端钝圆，能够氧化Fe2+和单质硫，最适生长pH为2.0，最适生长温度为30℃，经过对其生长特性进行研究及16S rRNA基因测序鉴定其为一株嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌.利用XZ菌对西藏某低品位铜矿角岩矿进行了摇瓶浸出试验研究，结果表明，在接种量体积分数为10%，矿浆质量分数为10%，矿石粒度为-45μm占100%，培养温度30℃，振荡强度160r/min的浸出条件下，经过15d，Cu2+的浸出率达72.15%.
Abstract：A bioleaching bacterium was isolated from an acidic mine drainage of Jiama polymetallic mine in Tibet and was named as XZ. The strain XZ， with round ends， is gram-negative and short-rod shaped in 1～1.5μm×0.5μm. Ferrous iron and elemental sulfur could be oxidized by strain XZ. The optimum growth pH is 2.0 and the optimum growth temperature is 30℃. It was identified as Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans by means of growth characteristic research and 16S rRNA sequencing. The strain XZ was used to leach a poor copper hornstone ore took from Tibet.Shaking flask leaching tests were carried out with inoculation size of 10%(volume fraction)， pulp mass fraction of 10% ，ore particle size of -45μm accounting for 100%， leaching temperature of 30℃ and shaking intensity of 160r/min. The results show that leaching rate of copper can reach 72.15% after 15 days.