基于小波变换的自适应阈值微震信号去噪研究

摘要 针对矿山微震信号中所包含的随机噪声对微震监测和微震源的准确定位存在着严重干扰的问题，根据前人的研究成果，在分层阈值上增加分层自适应因子，提出一种新的分层自适应阈值方法.该方法根据矿山微震有效信号的低频特性，利用分层自适应因子，将高频部分的噪声信号最大限度地去除，提高矿山微震信号的信噪比;同时，最大程度地保留低频部分的信号.通过实际数据与分层阈值的对比，验证了该方法的有效性与优越性.
Abstract：Random noise contained in the mine micro-seismic signal has serious interference to the micro-seismic monitoring and the accurate positioning of the micro-seismic source. According to the previous research and the actual application effects， the paper proposed a new denoising method with the hierarchical adaptive threshold based on the characteristics of mine micro-seismic signals. It adds the layered adaptive factors to the hierarchical threshold. According to the low frequency characteristic of the mine micro-seismic effective signal， the noise signal of the high frequency part is removed greatly by using the layered adaptive factor to improve the signal to noise ratio of the mine micro-seismic signal. And the signal of the low frequency part is maximally kept. The validity and superiority of the method are illustrated by comparing the hierarchical threshold with the real-field micro-seismic data.