厌氧氨氧化反应器运行过程微生物群落演替分析

摘要 为探究厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)过程中微生物群落结构的演化，采用高通量测序技术对ANAMMOX反应器中微生物群落结构进行分析.结果表明:反应器运行61d后氮去除负荷达到1.04kg·N·m-3·d-1，总氮去除率达75%以上.反应器中微生物多样性较为丰富，存在变形菌门、绿曲挠菌门、绿菌门、浮霉菌门等微生物.从启动到稳定过程中微生物群落结构趋于稳定.其中和脱氮相关的变形菌门和浮霉菌门合计占比达40%以上.ANAMMOX菌所在的浮霉菌门比例随运行时间延长而逐渐增加，是反应器脱氮效能提高的主要原因.反应器内占据优势地位的ANAMMOX菌主要为Candidatus Kuenenia属，占比14%左右，同时还有少量Candidatus Brocadia属.
Abstract：In order to provide theoretical support for the optimization of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX)technology， high-throughput sequencing technology was used to study the microbial community structure and its evolution in an ANAMMOX reactor. The results showed that the reactor achieved nitrogen removal rate up to 1.04kg·N·m-3·d-1 after 61 days. The total nitrogen removal rate was above 75%.The microbial diversity in the reactor was very abundant，including Proteobacteria，Chloroflexi， Chlorobi，Planctomycetes， etc.The microbial community structure tended to be stable with the running process of the reactor.The proportion of Proteobacteria and Planctomycete， associated with denitrification， totally achieved over 40%. The proportion of ANAMMOX bacteria belonging to Planctomycete increased gradually with reactor operation， which was the main reason for denitrification efficiency improvement.The ANAMMOX bacteria Candidatus Kuenenia category dominated in reactor about 14%. A small number of Candidatus Brocadia genus also existed in the reactor.