天拓一号星载自动识别系统设计与在轨应用

介绍了星载自动识别系统的技术优势和应用前景；针对由传统地面自动识别系统向星载自动识别系统发展所带来的多网信号冲突、多普勒频移、空间链路衰减等技术难题，对天拓一号星载自动识别系统的系统进行了设计，包括系统组成、接收机指标和功能、天线和微波开关设计，对星地自动识别系统链路电平进行了估算；重点介绍了自动识别系统接收机的空间应用性能测试和环境试验方案；介绍了天拓一号星载自动识别系统在轨应用情况，结果表明所设计的AIS接收机可一定程度上缓解星载自动识别系统的技术难题，满足大范围海事目标监测的应用需求。
The technology advantages and application prospects of satellite-based automatic identification system (AIS) were introduced, and then the system of the satellite based AIS of TT-1 was designed to overcome the problems of multi-cell signal collision, Doppler shift and large space link attenuation, originating from the development of ground-based AIS to satellite-based AIS. This design included the composition of system, the qualification and function of AIS receiver, the design of antenna and microwave switch and the link level estimation of satellite-ground AIS. For the preparation of space applications, it mainly discussed the performance and environment test for the AIS receiver.The on-orbit application situation of TT-1 satellite based AIS was introduced and the results show that the innovated AIS receiver can partly ease these technical problems and achieve a wide range of maritime surveillance requirements.