考虑空间几何关系的反交会规避机动方法

针对具有自主接近能力的航天器开展反交会规避机动方法研究。建立仅测角相对导航模型，对完全不可观测机动进行定义，基于空间几何关系推导并证明了完全不可观测机动是不存在的。以施加规避机动后追踪器对逃逸器的测量值与未机动时的差异为优化目标，利用矢量乘积原理设计目标函数，建立优化模型并对变量约束进行分析，随后采用遗传算法对最优规避机动方向进行优化。给出的仿真算例结果表明：提出的规避机动方向计算方法能够使目标函数值达到最小，从而提升追踪器对逃逸器的状态估计难度，降低其估计精度。这为规避机动问题研究提供了一种新的视角，可为以主动接近航天器为新对象进行的规避研究提供有益借鉴。
An anti-rendezvous evasion maneuver method was proposed in order to escape from the spacecraft that has autonomous approaching ability. A bearing-only relative navigation model was built and the definition of absolutely non-observable maneuver was proposed. After some algebra, it was proved that the absolutely non-observable maneuver is non-existent. Based on that, an object function using vector multiplication was designed to find the minimum of measurement difference during the evasion. An optimization model was established and the variable bound was given so that the minimum of the object function could be obtained by the Genetic Algorithm. The numerical simulation was conducted with different maneuver impulse. The result shows that the proposed method can minimize the measurement difference between evasive maneuver adopted and evasive maneuver ignored. The method presented offers a new viewpoint for evasion maneuver research.