基于输出饱和条件的磁浮列车悬浮控制参数优化

低速磁浮列车利用电磁吸力支撑车体，相比轮轨列车具有噪音小、转弯半径小、爬坡能力强等优点。研究控制器输出饱和条件下悬浮系统的稳定性问题，可以避免由于电网电压约束而可能出现的失稳现象，提高了系统运行的可靠性。基于磁浮列车单点悬浮模型，使用电流-位置双环设计方法设计得到可稳定悬浮的控制算法。由于磁浮列车悬浮控制器的输出饱和环节，进一步提出了一种基于搜索极大椭球的控制参数优化方法，在不改变控制算法设计的前提下实现了参数优化。通过仿真和试验均验证了优化后的控制效果，有效指导了实际系统的工程调试。
Low-speed maglev train is suspended above the guideway by the electromagnetic force. Compared with the wheel train, the maglev train has the advantage of low noise, small turning radius and advanced climbing capacity. The system stability problem in the condition of output saturation was studied to avoid instability phenomenon caused by network voltage constraints so as to improve the reliability of the system. A single-point levitation system model of the maglev train was established and a stable levitation control algorithm was designed. Based on the analysis of the output saturation element of the levitation controller, a maximal ellipsoid searching optimization method was presented for controller parameters design. Parameter optimization is achieved without changing the design of the control algorithm. Simulation and experimental results show that the optimized controller can get better control results, which can be used for the guidance of practical system operation.