飞行器动态滑翔的受力平衡状态

为了研究动态滑翔的物理本质，从受力平衡的角度出发，根据物理定律推导平衡方程，从数学上求解出方程解集构成的平衡曲线。以信天翁和某小型无人机在不同风梯度下滑翔为例对平衡曲线进行仿真。分析和仿真结果表明：平衡曲线是满足受力平衡的所有速度状态的集合，由上升和下降两个分支构成；上升分支只有当风梯度足够大时才存在，是动态滑翔的关键。
To clarify the physical essential, a perspective of force balance to dynamic soaring was put forward. Equilibrium equations were derived according to physical laws. The solution of the equations solved mathematically formed a curve. Simulations of the curve were made in the cases of an albatross and an unmanned air vehicle in different wind gradients for instances. The results of analysis and simulation indicate that the curve is the velocity set that satisfies the equilibrium equations; the curve consists of a climbing branch and a diving one; the climbing branch exists only if the gradient is sufficiently large, and it is critical to dynamic soaring.