土楼夯土风雨侵蚀机理及侵蚀损耗量研究

中文摘要: 针对夯土墙侵蚀及侵蚀计量问题，采用现场实测和借鉴水土流失统计的方法，研究夯土风雨侵蚀损耗规律，并提出损耗计量公式，揭示了夯土风雨侵蚀损耗机理、雨水浸润墙体弱化材料性能及风驱雨撞击夯土产生材料颗粒的溅蚀和剥蚀，并量化证实了雨滴撞击荷载是侵蚀损耗的直接动力。结合当地风、雨气象数据，计算出近年来夯土的年侵蚀量，可用于预测夯土墙剩余寿命，为土楼保护提供适用性的科学依据。
Abstract:The world cultural heritage—Fujian earth building has often affected by the typhoon and extreme weather,and the durability of its structure has decreased continuously.Using statistical methods of soil and water loss and field test,rammed earth erosion loss rule and loss measurement formula were studied,revealing the loss mechanism of rammed earth by wind and rain erosion,rainfall infiltration wall material weakening performance,and wind driven rain hiting the walls,resulting in material particle splash erosion and denudation.And it was proved that the raindrop impact load is the direct motive erosion loss.Combined with the local meteorological data,the rammed earth annual erosion was calculated,which can be used to predict the residual life of the wall,and to provide a adaptive scientific basis for protection of Fujian earth building.