两种新型滑板型文物隔震支座设计及性能研究

中文摘要: 为了确保博物馆内文物的防震安全，首先，提出了两种新型滑板型文物隔震支座，分别为固定刚度支座和变刚度支座。其次，建立了对应的“支座-展柜”系统有限元模型。同时，建立并提取某博物馆有限元模型不同工况下的楼层波，进行“支座-展柜”模型的时程分析，研究两种文物隔震支座的隔震效果、适用性，并完成支座设计。结果表明：滑板型文物隔震支座可同时实现 X、 Y 两方向的隔震，同时，变刚度支座还可实现文物在不同强度地震作用下的隔震目的；固定刚度支座和变刚度支座在隔震楼层波下的平均隔震效果约为60%、80%，非隔震楼层波下的平均隔震效果约为90%、95%；变刚度支座的隔震效果优于固定刚度支座。最后，得到了两种新型滑板型文物隔震支座的设计方法，该设计方法可为后续工程应用提供必要的指导依据。
Abstract:To ensure the safety of relics in museums, two new sliding relics isolation bearings were put forward, which are fixed stiffness bearing and variable stiffness bearing respectively. The "bearing-cabinet" finite element models (FEM) were established. Meanwhile, a museum FEM was established and the floor waves were extracted under different working conditions. The time history analysis of the "bearing-cabinet" FEM was carried out. The seismic isolation effect and applicability of two bearings were studied and the bearing design was completed. The results showed that the bearings can isolate the earthquake in both X and Y directions simultaneously. The variable stiffness bearing can also realize the seismic isolation target of earthquake with different intensities. The seismic isolation effect of fixed stiffness bearing and variable stiffness bearing is about 60%, 80% under the isolated floor waves and is about 90%, 95% under the non-isolated floor waves. The seismic isolation effect of variable stiffness bearing is better than fixed stiffness bearing. The design methods of two new sliding relics isolation bearings provides a necessary guidance for subsequent engineering application.