残余应力及其表征参数对材料滚动接触性能的影响

中文摘要: 为了深入研究残余应力对滚动接触的影响规律，建立了圆柱滚子轴承二维有限元简化模型，在施加不同残余应力的基础上进行弹塑性分析，并对残余应力的表征参数如梯度、大小和深度等进行了影响研究。结果表明：残余压应力能使弹性变形阶段的接触应力和塑性变形阶段的塑性应变下降；等大的残余拉应力则使二者增大更大的比率。通过参数研究发现：残余压应力梯度越小，塑性应变越小，残余拉应力梯度越接近0，塑性应变越小；残余压应力越大，塑性应变越小，残余拉应力越大，塑性应变越大；残余压应力加深一定值能够降低滚动接触塑性应变，从而提高疲劳寿命，残余拉应力的加深则会引起塑性应变和疲劳损伤的增大。
Abstract:In order to study the influence of residual stress on rolling contact, a simplified 2-D finite element model of cylindrical roller bearing was established. Then different residual stresses were applied to the model, followed by elastoplastic analysis. The effects of the characterization parameters of residual stress i.e. gradient, magnitude and depth on rolling contact were analyzed. The results showed that residual compressive stress can reduce the elastic contact stress and the plastic strain, while the residual tensile stress with the same magnitude of residual compressive stress can increase them more significantly. The parametric study showed that: residual compressive stress with a smaller gradient and residual tensile stress with a zero gradient lead to smaller plastic strains; plastic strain rises with the increasing of residual compressive stress and the decreasing of residual tensile stress; deepening residual compressive stress a proper depth can reduce plastic strain thus increasing rolling contact fatigue life while the deepening of residual tensile stress will result in larger plastic strain and fatigue damage.