航班延迟推出策略及虚拟队列长度灵敏度分析

中文摘要: 针对大型枢纽机场日益严重的场面拥堵及由此导致的航班延误问题，通过构造虚拟队列控制航班推出率，利用机位等待代替跑道起飞排队，进而解决场面拥堵，减少延误，减少燃油消耗和污染排放，提高航空公司经济效益。基于CDM思想构造虚拟队列，提出了3种航班延误推出策略；权衡各策略之间的关系，建立了不公平性在限定范围的以减少乘客总体等待时间和公司损失的推出决策模型，并提出多个检查指标。以20架航班为例详细分析了各指标随队列长度增长的变化关系，比较了先来先服务策略与乘客等待时间最短策略的仿真推出，分析了航班等待时间损失与乘客收益的矛盾以及推出延误成本，并计算了不同航班规模算例。模型计算表明，通过对虚拟队列航班次序的调整，时间收益增加了5.15%~24%，减少公司成本15.22%~26%。可见该策略可以明显减少乘客平均等待时间和降低航空公司成本。
Abstract:In order to solve airport traffic congestion, reduce flights delay, improve the profits of airlines and reduce fuel burn and emissions，the method of flights waiting in stands in steading of taxiing queue waiting before the end of takeoff runway was presented. Based on Collaborative Decision Making, the construction of Virtual Queue was designed and three kinds of pushback strategies for delayed flights were proposed, which were Minimis Unfairness, Minimis Passengers Waiting Time, and Minimis Pushback Waiting Cost. Several metrics were presented for the strategy. Various scales of numbers of flights experiments were executed and each metric was carefully compared following the growing of length of virtual queue. The trade-off passengers’ benefit, flights postponed waiting time, and pushback delay cost were analyzed. As for as the result of example show that sorting flights in the virtual queue had reduced passengers waiting time and saved airlines cost effectively.