阿魏菇多糖的结构分析

本文以阿魏菇中分离纯化得到的多糖-阿魏菇多糖(Pleurotus ferulae Lenzi polysaccharide, PFLP)作为研究对象，通过高效凝胶过滤色谱来测定其分子量以及分布，通过气相色谱法(GC)、部分酸水解、高碘酸氧化法、Smith降解法、甲基化反应、红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1HNMR)、刚果红实验和碘-碘化钾实验来分析PFLP的结构。经分离纯化后得到两种纯PFLP组分(PFLP1、PFLP2)，结果分析表明，PFLP1的分子量范围为9400~9900 u；含有鼠李糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖四种单糖，摩尔比为1:1.54:18.6:3.64; PFLP2的分子量范围为9700~10400 u；含有鼠李糖、木糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖五种单糖，摩尔比为1:1.08:0.65:6.76:4.28。PFLP1和PFLP2除了都具有1→2、1→3、1→6糖苷键，还具有1→4糖苷键；都具有典型的多糖红外吸收，是以β-吡喃糖苷为主并且含有蛋白质的糖缀合物的多糖；并且都具有三股螺旋结构，有较长的侧链和分支。
The Pleurotus ferulae Lenzi polysaccharide (PFLP) was isolated and purified to study its components and structure. The relative molecular mass and distribution of PFLP were analyzed by high-performance gel filtration chromatography. The structure was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC), partial acid hydrolysis, periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, methylation, infrared spectroscopy (IR), 1HNMR, Congo red experiment, and iodine-potassium experiment. Two components, PFLP1 and PFLP2, were obtained through extraction and purification. The result indicated that the relative molecular mass and distribution of PFLP1 was 9400~9900 u. PFLP1 was composed of rhamnose, mannose, glucose, and galactose with a molar ration of 1:1.54:18.6:3.64. The relative molecular mass and distribution of PFLP2 was 9700–10400 u. PFLP2 was composed of rhamnose, xylose, mannose, glucose, and galactose with a molar ration of 1:1.08:0.65:6.76:4.28. Both PFLP1 and PFLP2 contained glycosidic bond of (1→2), (1→3), (1→6), and (1→4). PFLP1 and PFLP2 possessed typical infrared absorptions of polysaccharides, and the sugar chains were mainly pyranoside with β-configuration and contained a type of protein glycoconjugate. PFLP1 and PFLP2 possessed triple helical structures containing long side chains and branches.