不同品种葡萄籽培养基对平菇酚类物质及抗氧化性的影响

为研究葡萄籽培养基对平菇抗氧化能力的影响，本实验采用葡萄籽培养基栽培平菇，对平菇多酚的组成以及含量进行了高效液相色谱-质谱法（high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry，HPLC-MS）分析，并以总酚含量、总黄酮含量、ABTS自由基清除能力、FRAP还原能力为测试手段对其抗氧化活性进行了探讨。通过比较不同品种（赤霞珠和龙眼）、不同质量分数（39%和78%）的葡萄籽培养基对所培育平菇抗氧化能力的影响，结果发现，使用78%质量分数的赤霞珠葡萄籽培养基所栽种平菇的抗氧化能力较对照组有显著提高（其ABTS自由基清除率在平菇多酚提取物浓度为41 mg/mL时达到69.4%），并检测到了芦丁等10种多酚类物质。因此，葡萄籽可代替传统的棉籽壳培养基培育平菇，提高平菇的抗氧化性能，实现农产品加工副产物的综合利用。
Grape seeds are the major component of mushroom culture media. This study aimed to examine the effects of different grape seeds on the antioxidant activities of Pleurotus ostreatus polyphenols. Four different assays were employed to measure antioxidant activity, including the Folin–Ciocalteu assay, flavonoid content determination assay, 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) scavenging activity assay, and the ferric reducing ability of plasma assay. Polyphenol content was assessed using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Comparison of grape seeds from Cabernet Sauvignon and Longyan species, and different mass fractions (39% and 78%), showed that 78% of Cabernet Sauvignon grape seeds had positive effects on the antioxidant ability of mushroom (69.4% as determined by the ABTS radical scavenging assay) and 10 kinds of polyphenols were identified. Grape seeds can be used for cultivation of mushrooms.