杂粮醋粕对金黄地鼠胆固醇代谢的影响

为研究一种杂粮醋粕对饲喂高胆固醇饲料金黄地鼠胆固醇代谢的影响，将30只雄性金黄地鼠按照平均血脂水平和平均体重分为3组，即高胆固醇对照组、杂粮醋粕组和杂粮醋粕浸提物组。饲喂第0、10、20和30 d时分别测定地鼠血清总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和三酰甘油（TG）水平；30 d后测定地鼠肝脏TC、胆固醇酯（CE）、游离胆固醇（FC）、TG和粪便TC、总胆汁酸（TBA）、脂肪和短链脂肪酸（SCFA）水平。杂粮醋粕组和杂粮醋粕浸提物组与高胆固醇对照组相比，血清TC水平分别下降22%和15%，血清LDL-C水平分别下降35%和21%，肝脏TG水平分别下降15%和14%，粪便中TBA水平分别上升23%和16%，粪便中SCFA总量水平分别上升30%和9%，且差异均达显著水平（p<0.05）。以上结果表明摄入杂粮醋粕主要通过促进胆汁酸的排泄和增加短链脂肪酸的产生来降低血清TC和LDL-C水平和肝脏TC和TG水平。
To investigate the effects of coarse cereal vinegar residue on lipid metabolism in hamsters fed with a high-cholesterol diet, 30 hamsters were divided into three groups of 10, each with similar lipid levels and mean body weight: a high-fat group, a coarse cereal vinegar residue group, and a coarse cereal vinegar residue extract group. The concentrations of plasma total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) were measured at 0, 10, 20, and 30 d. The contents of TC, cholesterol ester (CE), free cholesterol (FC), and TG in liver, and the contents of TC, total bile acid (TBA), lipids, and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) in feces were measured at the end of the experiment. Compared with the high cholesterol control group, coarse cereal vinegar residue and extract of coarse cereal vinegar residue significantly reduced serum TC by 22% and 15%, serum LDL-C by 35% and 21%, and liver TC by 15% and 14%, respectively, and increased the fecal TBA excretion by 23% and 16% and total fecal SCFA excretion by 30% and 9%, respectively (p<0.05). Coarse cereal vinegar residue may reduce TC and LDL-C levels in serum and TC and TG levels in liver by promoting increased excretion of fecal bile acids and SCFAs.