鱿鱼卵磷脂对东莨菪碱痴呆小鼠 学习记忆功能的影响

本文比较研究了鱿鱼卵磷脂和蛋黄磷脂对老年痴呆小鼠学习记忆能力的影响。雄性BALB/c小鼠分为正常对照、模型、鱿鱼卵磷组（SL）和蛋黄磷脂组（EL），喂养1周后，腹腔注射东莨菪碱造模并进行行为学测试。测定脑皮层、白质、海马中乙酰胆碱酯酶（TchE）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、单胺氧化酶（MAO）活力和脑内丙二醛（MDA）含量。结果显示，SL组水迷宫潜伏期显著降低，而穿越平台次数和目标象限停留时间显著提高，行为学改善效果优于EL组。SL能显著降低脑内各组织TchE活力、MDA水平和白质中MAO活力，显著提高脑皮层、海马和白质中SOD活力，且作用效果优于EL。综上，鱿鱼卵磷脂通过影响中枢胆碱能神经系统和脑内抗氧化系统，改善了东莨菪碱所致痴呆小鼠学习记忆能力。
The effects of squid lecithin (SL) and egg lecithin (EL) on the brain function of mice with dementia induced by scopolamine were comparatively investigated. Male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, model, SL (3.3% squid lecithin), and EL groups (1.5% egg lecithin). Mice models were established by intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine a week after feeding, except for the control group mice, which were treated with saline, followed by the behavioral test. Acetylcholinesterase (TchE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and monoamine oxidase (MAO) activities in the cortex, white matter, and hippocampus, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the brain were determined. In the Morris water maze test, the latency of mice fed SL significantly reduced, while the number of platform crossings and the time spent in the target quadrant increased significantly; in general, the behavioral improvement of the group fed SL was better than that of the EL group. The biochemical tests of brain tissues also showed similar trends. SL could significantly reduce the TchE activity and MDA level in various brain tissues and MAO activity in white matter, as well as significantly improve the SOD activity in the cortex, hippocampus, and white matter. The results were better than those of the EL group. In summary, SL could improve the learning and memory abilities of mice with dementia by affecting central cholinergic nervous system and antioxidant system in the brain.