单元机组的非线性自适应反演综合控制
Nonlinear adaptive backstepping integrated control for thermal-power-generation units

针对同时考虑参数不确定性和外界干扰的单元机组整体模型(锅炉–汽轮机–发电机模型), 提出了一种基于 自适应反演法和协调无源性理论的非线性综合控制策略. 首先, 针对预处理后的被控对象各子系统, 采用反演法得 到汽门控制输入, 然后以高压侧电压为控制目标对励磁部分进行优化设计, 最后逐步递推设计燃料控制器. 在控制 律设计过程中, 为克服模型参数的不确定性, 避免可能出现的参数漂移, 通过引入充分光滑投影算子设计了参数自 适应律. 同时, 借助在控制律中添加阻尼项, 以有效抑制外界干扰对控制品质的影响. 仿真分析和变负荷实验的结果 表明, 本文所设计的综合控制策略同时优化了单元机组的有功和无功响应特性, 使其具有良好的负荷跟踪性能、抗 干扰能力和对模型不确定参数的鲁棒性.
For the complete model (boiler-turbine-generator model) of a thermal power generation unit considering both external disturbances and parameter uncertainties, a new nonlinear integrated control strategy is proposed based on adaptive backstepping method and coordinated passivity theory. At first, the steam-valving controller is obtained by using backstepping method for the controlled object subsystems after preprocessing. Then, the excitation part is optimized by taking the high side voltage as the control target. At last, a stepwise recursive design of the fuel controller is presented. In the control law design process, parameter update laws are designed by using sufficiently smooth projection operators to conquer the effect of parameter uncertainties and avoid the possibly parameter-drift. At the same time, the nonlineardamping is added in control laws to effectively inhibit the impact of external disturbance on the control quality. The results of simulation analysis and a load-changing experiment show that the proposed nonlinear integrated control system has strong positive impact on the performance of active and reactive power of the unit. It has satisfactory performance in load tracking, disturbance rejection and robustness to model uncertain parameters.