青少年抑制控制与同伴拒绝：身体攻击、关系攻击的中介作用

摘要： 选取1589名青少年（平均年龄15.22 ± 0.36岁）为被试，考察身体攻击、关系攻击在抑制控制与同伴拒绝间的中介作用。结果发现，（1）抑制控制与身体攻击、关系攻击、同伴拒绝之间均存在显著负相关，身体攻击、关系攻击与同伴拒绝之间存在显著正相关；（2）身体、关系攻击在抑制控制与同伴拒绝之间发挥中介作用；相比关系攻击，身体攻击的中介效应更强。该结果表明抑制控制对于同伴拒绝的作用既存在直接效应，又可通过身体攻击、关系攻击的中介效应实现，身体攻击、关系攻击的中介效应存在差异。
Abstract: Peer rejection refers to the extent to which a person is disliked by their peers. Inhibitory control, is one of key components of executive functions, involving being able to control one’s attention, behavior, thoughts, and/or emotions to override a strong internal predisposition or external lure, and instead do what’s more appropriate or needed. Inhibitory control is a predictor of peer rejection. However, little is known about the mediating mechanisms underlying this relation. According to a heuristic model of social competence proposed by Yeates et al. (2007) and a model in Hay et al.’s (2004) review, children with poor EF are more likely to be socially maladjusted, including being more rejected, because they have specific impairments in social cognition (e.g., theory of mind) and display greater negative social behaviors (e.g., aggression). When applied specifically to inhibitory control, this model suggests that the higher rates of aggression may explain why deficit in inhibitory control is associated with peer rejection. There are physical and relational forms in aggression. The existing studies have well established the negative association between inhibitory control and physical aggression, but the association between inhibitory control and relational aggression is still not clear. Some researchers hold the view that consistent with physical aggression, inhibitory control also negatively predicts relational aggression; whereas others argue that inhibitory control is not related to relational aggression. Moreover, previous researches demonstrated that physical and relational aggression show unique associations with peer rejection. The current study was to explore the mediating roles of physical and relational aggression in the association between inhibitory control and peer rejection, and to compare difference of the mediating effects of physical aggression and relational aggression. One thousand five hundred and eighty-nine adolescents of grade 9 (mean age 15.22 ± 0.36 years old) from 91 classes of 8 junior high schools, were investigated. The inhibition subscale from Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function was administrated to measure inhibitory control through parent-report. Physical aggression and relational aggression were assessed through peer rating, and peer rejection was