上司地位知觉对下属默契的影响——反馈寻求行为和观点采择的作用

摘要： 下属默契指的是下属与上司间不经言传而暗相投合的状态，它能潜移默化地提升下属绩效。因此，探讨下属默契的产生原因，对组织有着重要意义。鉴于此，本文以目标动机模型为理论基础，探讨了上司地位知觉对下属默契的影响及其内部机制。通过对186名企业员工的调查分析发现，上司地位知觉对下属默契有显著的正向影响；反馈寻求行为在此过程中起部分中介作用；此外，下属的观点采择能力调节了反馈寻求行为与下属默契间的正向关系。
Abstract: In the daily work of organization, we often find that some employees are able to complete the task well without supervisor’s explicit and directional guidance. Such phenomenon can be explained by the existence of moqi which refers to a state of unspoken or tacit understanding between two parties. When applied in the work situation, known as subordinates’ moqi. It reflects a state between subordinate and supervisor, whereby supervisor implies something and subordinate senses and understands it tacitly. To date, empirical study has suggested that subordinates’ feedback seeking behavior can promote subordinates’ moqi. However, we consider that there may exist a distal antecedent of subordinates’ moqi based on proactive motivation model. Thus, we proposed a moderated mediation model wherein perceived supervisory status predict subordinates’ moqi via feedback seeking behavior, and perspective taking serves as the second stage moderator. Several hypotheses are posited: (1) subordinates’ perceived supervisory status is positively related to moqi; (2) feedback seeking behavior mediates the relationship between perceived supervisory status and moqi; (3) the feedback seeking behavior-moqi relationship and the indirect effect of feedback seeking behavior are contingent upon the level of perspective taking. A field study was conducted to test our hypotheses. We collected the data from part-time graduate students at a university located in Guangzhou, China. They were all full-time employees. To avoid the potential for common-method bias, the survey data were collected at three time points, separated by two weeks. At Time 1, students were asked to report their perceived supervisory status and demographic information. Two weeks later (Time 2), they were asked to rate their feedback seeking behavior and perspective taking ability. Two weeks after Time 2 (Time 3), they were again asked to report their moqi. The final sample consisted of 186 part-time graduate students. Then we adopted a series of regression analysis and got four conclusions: (1) subordinates’ perceived supervisory status was positively related to subordinates’ moqi; (2) feedback seeking behavior partially mediated the relationship between perceived supervisory status and subordinates’ moqi; (3) perspective taking moderated the relationship between feedback seeking behavior and