三重自我建构的神经机制

摘要： 三重自我建构理论（the tripartite model of self-construal）认为，自我包含三个方面：个体自我，关系自我和集体自我；三种自我同时存在。研究发现：相比其他信息，三种自我均诱发了更强的N2（熟悉度指标）、P300（高级认知加工指标）成分以及与自我加工有关的MPFC脑区；个体自我存在右脑优势，而集体自我则存在左脑优势。但其具体表征脑区，其在中国文化背景下的文化特异性，以及不同关系类型、群体范畴是否能进一步划分关系和集体自我等问题均有待探讨。
Abstract: The Tripartite Model of Self-construal theory indicated that self contains three aspects: individual self, relational self, and collective self. The individual self is a representation of self as a unique and independent social agent. It reflects cognitions that are related to traits, characteristics, experiences, interests, and goals that promote a sense of distinctiveness and individuality. The relational self reflects cognitions that are related to one’s relationships. It consists of traits, characteristics, experiences, interests and goals shared with intimate others that promote a sense of connection and closeness. The collective self is a representation of self as an undifferentiated and interchangeable group member (e.g., as when fans paint themselves in their team colors). It consists of traits, characteristics, experiences, interest, and goals derived from shared group memberships that promote a sense of assimilation and belongingness. These three aspects coexist in one’s self, but situational factors will affect which kind of self-construal would be activated and become the primary of that current situation. Reviewing the differences in the neural mechanisms of the Tripartite Model of Self-construal, we found that comparing with other information, self-related information(including individual self, relational self and collective self) all induced stronger N2 (familiarity index) and P300 (advanced cognitive processing index) components. A larger N2 amplitudes may indicate that personally familiar information elicit stronger responses than other information. And P3 component was associated with the controlled processing phenomena triggered by previous automatic processes; its generation has been shown to require top-down attention mechanisms initiated by frontal lobe functions. This result indicating that self has a stronger biological importance and psychological prominence, easier to be identified and keep attention. FMRI results showed that processing the information of individual self, relational self and collective self also activated more medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), which is the important region to characterize the self. However, the individual self uniquely induced stronger P2 components than relational self and collective self. P2 activity may reflect the detection of typical