青少年网络利他行为与主观幸福感的关系——一个有中介的调节模型

摘要： 对1376名青少年进行问卷调查，考察青少年网络利他行为、自尊、自我效能感和主观幸福感之间的关系。结果发现：(1)青少年网络利他行为对主观幸福感有显著的正向预测作用；(2)自尊对网络利他行为与主观幸福感的关系具有调节效应，自尊对网络利他行为与自我效能感的关系具有调节效应；(3)自我效能感在自尊对网络利他行为和主观幸福感关系的调节效应中起完全中介作用。
Abstract: Existing research showed that altruistic behavior was conducive to the improvement of subjective well-being. Internet altruistic behavior refers to an act performed voluntarily on line to help someone else when there is no expectation of receiving a reward of any form. However, few explored the relationship between internet altruistic behavior and subjective well-being, which was beneficial to academic development, the improvement of life quality and physical and mental health among adolescents. Thus, the first aim of the study was to examine the relationship between internet altruistic behavior and subjective well-being. Moreover, the formation of subjective well-being was influenced by many factors. As a relatively stable personality, self-esteem was one of the most reliable and the most powerful predictors of subjective well-being. According to the theory of sociometer, self-esteem could adjust the process of individual evaluating. Therefore, we speculated that self-esteem could prompt individual to form a higher self-assessment after making internet altruistic behavior, so we tested whether self-esteem served as a moderator of the relationship between internet altruistic behavior and subjective well-being. Considering that people with high self-esteem had higher self-efficacy compared to that with low self-esteem when it comes to success or failures, we also tested the moderating effect of self-esteem may be completely or partially mediated by self-efficacy. A sample of 1376 adolescents (656 males, 720 females) with mean age 14.83±1.69 years, mean online time a week 5.48±3.21 hours was randomly recruited for the study. Participants were tested with Internet Altruistic Behavior Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Self-Esteem Scale and Subjective Well-Being Scale. The present study examined the associations between internet altruistic behavior, general self-efficacy, self-esteem and subjective well-being. Meanwhile, hierarchical regression analyses were applied to detect the effects of internet altruistic behavior on subjective well-being as well as the moderating role of self-esteem and the mediating role of self-efficacy. Our findings are as follows: (1) Significant common method bias were not exist in the study; (2) There were significant positive correlation between internet altruistic behavior and subjective well-being, which ensured that the