“心灵鸡汤”对温度知觉、他人评价和自我评价的影响

摘要： 本研究基于具身认知观点和概念隐喻理论，采用三个实验探讨了 “心灵鸡汤”对环境温度的感知觉影响、对陌生他人人品评价的影响以及对自我人格特质评定的影响。结果发现，“心灵鸡汤”的阅读能有效提高个体对环境温度的评定，且不存在性别差异；阅读“心灵鸡汤”后倾向于对陌生人的人品有更高的积极评定；“心灵鸡汤”对自我评定不存在显著影响。
Abstract: Chicken soup for the soul are book series which consist of inspirational true stories about people's lives. “Chicken soup for the soul” has now become one of the world’s best-known phrases and it refers to inspirational and warm hearting stories. The embodied cognition theory considered that cognitive processes might closely linked with physical sense perception. Conceptual metaphor theory assumed that the sensorimotor information should be an integral part for representing abstract concepts and the sensorimotor experiences could be activated by the abstract conceptual processing. Past researches have proved that temperature perceptions interacted with interpersonal emotions, that is, one’s physical warmth would cause positive evaluation of others and his or her interpersonal warmth would produce the perception of physical warmth. However, these researches were based on real self interpersonal perception. No research has been conducted to explore whether the abstract interpersonal description of others will influence the perception of physical temperature. Based on the embodied cognition theory and the conceptual metaphor theory, three experiments were conducted to test whether chicken soup for the soul could work as a warm reading material to affect temperature perception, interpersonal evaluation and self evaluation. In Experiment 1, 132 undergraduates were divide into two groups to read two kinds of reading materials, one of which were chicken soup for the soul stories, the other were business reports. After reading the given materials, the participants were asked to estimate the indoor temperature. In Experiment 2, after reading the soul storie or business reports, participants were asked to evaluate how the staff ’s personality on scales who handed out the reading materials. In Experiment 3, after reading the given materials, 90 undergraduates were asked to evaluate their own personliaty on scales. The results showed: (1) Chicken soup for the soul stories helped the participants produce a warm perceptual experience. The participants reading the Chicken soup for the soul stories estimated higher indoor temperature than those reading business reports ( group of chicken soup for the soul stories: M =15.076, SD=5.269; group of business reports: M=12.455, SD= 4.069; t=3.199, p=0.002, d=0.561). (2) The participants reading chicken soup for the soul stories thought more