奖赏与自我加工对记忆的影响

摘要： 【摘 要】目的:从外显和内隐层面探讨奖赏与自我加工对记忆的影响。方法：以大学生为被试，以人格形容词为实验材料，采用R/K范式，测量被试对识记词语的记忆效果。结果：（1）外显记忆层面，奖赏与自我加工均促进了记忆效果；（2）在内隐记忆层面，自我存在记忆的加工优势，但是没有发现奖赏加工对记忆的影响。结论：自我相关刺激促进了内隐和外显记忆的加工，奖赏刺激只对外显记忆有影响，实验结果支持独立平行模型，即在不同记忆层面，奖赏加工与自我参照加工存在不同加工机制。
Abstract: 【Abstract】Reward is often defined as a kind of stimulus that can be acquired through a specific task. Previous show that rewards can improve memory processing procedure. What's more, the study found that information related to self can be better processed and memorized. As we all know, reward-processing and self-processing are two kinds of important cognitive- processing period, but there is no related research carries on the discussion about how to effect on memory at the same time. Although studies have proved that matching with reward and self both can promote the cognitive process, reward and self processing characteristics in the different level of memory processing has not examined.According to the model of parallel processing of reward and self, we assumes that reward processing and self processing can enhance memory effect at the same time. And according to the degree of participation of consciousness, we can divided memory into two levels: explicit memory and implicit memory. We want to examine the difference between self and reward processing from the different memory level. Experiments has control the interference effect of depression and self-esteem factors on memory. We proposed to adopt reward prompt paradigm, R/K paradigm and the signal detection theory to analysis the difference between reward and self processing effects on memory of explicit and implicit level.This experiment adopts Multiple-Variable Experiment. The two factors in experimental design is reward and self condition. we divide reward conditions into reward and no reward group, and self conditions into self and friend group. Experimental material comes from "The personality adjectives library". We select 160 personality adjectives about personality, including 80 positive and negative adjectives (arousal, significance degree and titer match). The experiment is carried out in a quiet lab. Subjects first fill in the relevant demographic information (gender, age), then complete the Beck depression rating scale and self-esteem scale. Formal experimental process present in the E - Prime2.0, the experiment was divided into three stages, the first stage is learning personality words , the second part is the interference phase, the third part is the memory test phase. The experimental total duration for 20 minutes.The results showed