政企关系、地方性共生与中国的经济奇迹

摘要 中国"经济奇迹"与"类发展困境"并存的"悖论性"现状，应该从中国的经济发展模式进行解读。20世纪80年代计划和市场"双轨"进路的渐进改革，形成了"权力+资本"的发展模式，地方政府与企业之间结成了"共生关系"，有效推动了中国经济的高速发展，创造了中国的经济奇迹。然而，政企关系的地方性共生面临着"诺斯悖论"困境，随着"政策红利"的逐渐饱和，政企之间地方性共生关系隐含的缺陷日渐凸显，经济腐败、环境恶化等各种问题制约着社会经济的持续发展。加快体制改革、规范政府权力结构以重塑政企关系，对中国社会经济摆脱"悖论性"困境、保持健康和可持续发展意义重大。
Abstract：The paradoxical situation of the coexistence of China's economic miracle and the development dilemma of humankind should be explained from the economic development model of China. The gradual reform in the 1980s characterized by the double tracking of planned economy and market economy resulted in the "power plus capital" development model, and the symbiotic relationship between local government and enterprises, which effectively prompted the fast development of Chinese economy and created China's economic miracle. However, the symbiotic relationship between local government and enterprises is facing the North Paradox. As the policy profit is gradually saturated, the implicit defects of the symbiosis, such as economic corruption, environmental deterioration, and frequent violent conflicts, are emerging and largely hampering the sustainable development of social economy. The fundamental approach to getting Chinese social economy out of this paradoxical situation and back to sound development is to expedite political restructuring and standardize governmental powers to remodel the government-enterprise relationship.