子女数量、性别与中国城市家庭的住房选择

摘要 随着计划生育政策的逐步调整，中国城镇多子女家庭的数量将上升。已有研究很少分析子女数量、性别对家庭住房选择的影响。有鉴于此，基于中国家庭追踪调查项目（CFPS）的2014年城市数据，采用OLS和Probit多元回归模型，在控制了个人、家庭特征和区域因素后所进行的实证研究发现，有子女家庭比无子女家庭有更大的住房建筑面积、更低的人均住房建筑面积、更可能自有现居住住房、更可能自有多套住房；有子女的家庭中，子女数量越多的家庭有更大的住房建筑面积、更低的人均住房建筑面积、更低的住房质量、更可能自有现居住住房；有儿子的家庭比没有儿子的家庭有更大的住房建筑面积、更可能自有多套住房。因此，在此背景下，住房供给侧改革应注重制定相关政策，鼓励市场和住房保障部门为有多个子女的家庭提供合适的房型，同时提升住房质量，满足他们对美好生活的追求。
Abstract： With the gradual adjustment of the family planning policy, the number of families with two or more children in China's urban areas has increased. Existing studies rarely analyze the impact of the number and gender of children on family housing choices. Based on the urban data of Chinese Family Panel Survey in 2014, this paper analyzes the influence of the number and gender of children on the choice of family housing with OLS and Probit multiple regression model. Under the conditions of controlling individual, family characteristics and regional factors, this empirical research shows that in contrast to the families without children, those with children have larger housing area, lower per capita housing area, and they are more likely to own living housing and also more likely to own multiple housing. Families with more children have larger housing area, lower per capita housing area, and lower housing quality, and they are more likely to own living housing. Families with sons have larger housing sizes and they are more likely to own multiple homes than those without sons. Finally, the corresponding policy is suggested to adjust the amount and structure of supply to meet the demand of families with multiple children, to improve the quality of housing and to satisfy their pursuit of better life in the supply reform of housing industry.