课堂视频分析:理论进路、方法与应用

摘要 课堂视频分析为研究教学和学习过程及其近因提供了获取数据、提升研究实证性水平的新方法和新技术，目前已经广泛应用于课堂教学的国际比较、教学改进和学习环境设计、教学理论建构、教师教育等多个领域的研究，逐步形成了学科内容分析、文化历史活动理论分析、课堂谈话分析、会话分析、微观民族志分析、境脉分析、现象学分析等多种理论进路，分析单元包括问题点、教学场景、语句、话轮/会话、完整主题会话/片段、完整课堂等多个层面。
Abstract：Classroom video analysis provides a new tool and technique to collect data for the research on teaching and learning processes and their internal and proximal factors, thus contributing to improved empirical research in education. This kind of analysis has been widely applied in various researches on teaching practices and underlying laws, comparative studies of classroom teaching and learning, teaching improvement and learning environment design, construction of instructional theories and improvement of teaching education. Many theoretical approaches have been developed, among which are subject matter content approach, neo-Vygotskyan approach, classroom talk, conversational analysis, micro-ethnographic approach, context analysis and phenomenological analysis and the updated version of some of approaches. The unit of analysis in classroom involves problem focus, instant image or scene, utterance, move or conversation, episode, or the whole period/activity.